FEATURE ARTICLES

Skin, as an outer shell, protects the body from harmful external influences and from water and heat loss. Premature ageing is not only a health issue but also a social problem because of the development of visible changes such as wrinkles, dryness and loss of elasticity.

In July 2012, BBC2 Horizon broadcasted a documentary called ‘The Truth About Looking Young’.1 It was presented by consultant plastic surgeon, Dr Rozina Ali,2 and the aim of the programme was to investigate some of the key developments in anti-ageing research and discuss how certain advances are changing the way we think about skin ageing.

A series of presentations at this year’s in-cosmetics Asia will address the hottest trends dominating the industry, while offering companies practical advice on how best to use them to their advantage.

Skin is constantly exposed to external factors that challenge its own protecting mechanisms to remain healthy and functional.

Hair has always been a key beauty area for women and also represents thoughts and feelings: when a woman changes her hair style it means that something has happened in her life; this explains why the hair care industry is so important, and why expectations are very high.

The fragrance industry has a reason to be optimistic. In 2011, fragrance growth exceeded the industry average for the first time in over a decade in the United States.

Whether as an eau de toilette or as a perfume within a skin care or hair care formulation, fragrances have played a pivotal role in the personal care industry as well as in society as a whole.

Within the domestic cosmetics market of Japan, growth has plateaued for several years (Fig. 1). A major cause of this is the declining sales of middle-priced cosmetics products due to deflation in Japan.

Indonesia’s personal care industry defies the global downturn mainly due to the improved economic conditions in the country. The Indonesian economic conditions continued to improve in 2011 with the GDP increasing by over 6% and the unemployment rate remaining at less than 7%.

Melanin, the natural colour in our skin, is synthesised by melanocytes. The distribution pattern in the surrounding keratinocytes and the nature of the formed melanin determine the actual colour of our skin.

From 13 to 15 March 2013, personal care professionals from all over the world will once again gather at Personal Care and Homecare Ingredients (PCHi). Organised by Reed Sinopharm Exhibitions (RSE), the sixth edition of the show will be held at the Poly World Trade Center in Guangzhou.

Plants from the Arctic have traditionally been used for promotion of health and beauty. Their activity is based on the secondary metabolites that the plants produce for protection against environmental stressors, such as UV radiation, cold, insects, and pathogens.

The final part of this series on distillation carries on from the basic principles, stages and types of distillation to look at harvesting, selection and design of a distillation system, and the scaling up process.

This article will highlight the attributes of the RAFT (Reversible Addition- Fragmentation chain Transfer) process as a ground breaking technology offering unprecedented control over the composition, functionality and architecture of polymers obtained through radical polymerisation (Fig. 1).

The new version of AS/NZS 2604 Sunscreen Standard is being implemented during 20121 and both TGA and NICNAS will issue new requirements in line with these long-awaited changes.

A comparison is made of the performance of styling polymers on hair samples from four major racial sources, namely Asian, Caucasian, mixed race and African-American.

Repair, protect and moisturise are the key consumer requirements in skin care. The components that help achieve these claims are often either monovalent or multivalent electrolytes, such as salts of alpha hydroxy acids, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (sodium PCA), phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid (PBSA), etc.

Every day more and more people realise that they have sensitive skin, although a high percentage continue suffering from it without being fully aware.

Emulsions are well represented in many major categories within the personal care and cosmetic industry. Due to the fact that emulsions contain both lipophilic and hydrophilic ingredients in the desired levels, an emulsion is a versatile vehicle across many categories.

Triethyl citrate, known under the brand Citrofol® AI, approved for more than 50 years in the pharmaceutical and food industry – is now manufactured exclusively from nature-derived agro resources.