Autophagy is a cellular mechanism which preserves cell health by recycling long-lived proteins and damaged organelles. This catabolic pathway starts with the sequestration of the targeted organelles subject to degradation along with a portion of cytosol into a double- or multi-membrane structure known as phagophore. This structure elongates after closure to form a vesicular structure, termed autophagosome. Subsequently, the mature autophagosome fuses with the lysosome, thereby forming a single membrane structure (autolysosome) where protein degradation is promoted by lysosomal enzymes 1,2 Autophagy constitutively occurs at basal cellular level to ensure the homeostatic turnover of cell components but can also be activated when the cells need to clear potentially toxic cytoplasmic materials or when the cells are under various stress conditions like oxidative stress3 or radiation.4,5 Under these circumstances, altered components are degraded to be subsequently replaced by newly produc
Autophagy as a new strategy to reduce pigmentation
Regulation of skin function and preservation of skin health are major targets in cosmetics. To achieve these goals, several strategies have been used i.e. activating cell signalling pathways, acting on epigenetic regulations, physically blocking external stresses... Among them, regulating autophagy appears a promising one.
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