Dermal active substances, in particular antiageing, antioxidant agents, and whitening ingredients, find frequent use in cosmetics as they meet typical consumer needs, such as the wish to have younger-looking skin or to lighten the skin tone (the latter being especially popular in Asian countries).
But these active ingredients can only have these effects if they are bioavailable. That means that the substance must efficiently penetrate the skin in a meaningful and effective concentration. Furthermore, the substance may have to be protected from degradation due to external influences such as light or oxygen, both as a raw material and in formulation.
In many cases, active ingredients cannot be simply mixed into a cosmetic formulation and expected to have the same activity in vivoas they have in vitro. Often they are in need of a delivery system in order to enhance their penetration or to control the release into the skin.
Two delivery systems based on submicron technology
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