Anti-inflammation power of Nymphaea albaL. flavonoids

The isolated compounds were identified new compound on the basis of NMR, MS, and IR spectroscopic data, respectively. In order to investigate antiatopic dermatitis potential of Nymphaea alba, we evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Compound 1-3 from the flowers of N. alba. Compound 1-3 dose-dependently showed inhibition effects for the productions of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages (Compound 1: IC50 μM; Compound 2: IC50 μM; Compound 3: IC50  μM). And we conducted the mRNA expression related with thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22) in HaCaT keratinocyte cells by Compound 1. Compound 1 inhibited the expression of mRNA on HaCaT cells which treated with TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22.

Inflammation is a natural part of the immune response. However, excessive inflammation has been linked with several diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, and atopic dermatitis (AD). The production of proinflammatory mediators in the epidermis by skin-resident macrophages has been shown to generate a number of related mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokines, and chemokines

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is manifested by several symptoms such as itching, scaling, and inflammation of the skin. In inflammatory skin disease, epidermal keratinocytes have been shown to produce TNF-` and IFN-x, which in turn upregulate the production of cytokines and chemokines such as thymus and activationregulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC/CCL22). Chemokines are a major part of the inflammatory response and act as chemoattractants to guide cell migration. TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 have been linked to the CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) on Th2 cells. TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 are thought to play a critical role in AD.8-10 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a potent activator of inflammatory signaling pathways and induces the production of a number of molecules including NO, COX-2, iNOS, and TNF-`.8 In inflammatory disorders, macrophages play a significant role in the production of different immune response mediators such as NO and cytokines. The molecular mechanisms by which the production of cytokines and chemokines is regulated are very important. Among the many inflammatory signaling pathways, the NF-jB, STAT1, and p38 MAPK pathways are major mediators of the inflammatory response. The flowers and seeds of Nelumbo nucifera(Nymphaea) have been used as a traditional medicine. Anti-inflammation, hemostatic effect of N. nucifera was reported for treating inflammation, diabetes, ulcers, anemia.2,5 Expecially, the flowers of N. nuciferawas known for containing many flavonoid compounds such as quercetin, luteolin, isoquercetin, luteolinglucoside, kaempferol.5 This study was conducted to develop a cosmetic for anti-atopic dermatitis using natural products. This paper describes the procedure for isolating a flavonoid, Compound 1 from the flowers of Nymphaea alba(Nymphaea) through solvent extract, fractionation, and repeated column chromatography.